王传留
WANG Chuanliu;

• 1:中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司，陕西 西安 710077

摘要(Abstract)：

“以孔代巷”是煤矿井下钻探技术研究的重要方向，具有效率高、成本低等优点，但在岩层中施工大直径联络孔时，采用多级扩孔方式，存在提下钻等辅助时间长，成孔效率低的问题。在不改变钻探装备配置基础上，通过结构和工艺创新，提出冲击和剪切复合碎岩原理，即将高压水-冲击器-内钎头冲击碎岩和钻机-钻杆柱-外切PDC钻头剪切碎岩创造性地结合在一起，以冲击功预裂地层，破坏岩层的整体构造应力，同时钻机驱动外切PDC钻头对预裂后的外侧岩石进行剪切破碎，由此实现“小马拉大车”的应用效果。研制了ø153 mm冲剪复合钻头，采用ZDY3200S分体式小型钻机在硬质砂岩地层中进行试验，平均机械钻速8.3 m/h，最大机械钻速可达10 m/h，且转速和钻压对机械钻速影响较小，结果证明冲剪复合碎岩原理具有可行性，为煤矿井下岩层联络孔优快成孔提供了新的研究思路。
Replacing roadway with borehole is an important research direction of underground coal mine drilling technology, which has the advantages of high efficiency and low cost. However, in the construction of large diameter connecting holes in rock strata, the multi-stage reaming method has such problems as long lifting and drilling time and low efficiency of hole formation. This paper proposes the principle of punching-shearing composite rock fragmentation through structural and technological innovation without changing the configuration of drilling equipment. It is a creative combination of punching rock fragmentation of high-pressure water-impactor-inner bit rock and shearing rock fragmentation of drilling rig-drilling pipe-outer PDC bit. The impact energy is used to pre-split stratum, destroying the overall tectonic stress of rock formations. In the meantime, the drilling rig drives the outer PDC bit to shear and break the outer rock after pre-splitting, thus realizing the application effect of "small horse-drawn cart". ø153 mm punching-shearing composite bit is developed, and ZDY3200S separated type small rig is adopted to drill hard sandstone formations, with the average penetration rate of 8.3 m/h and the maximum penetration rate of up to 10 m/h. And the rotation speed and weight on bit have minor impacts on the rate of penetration. The field experiment results show that, the principle of composite rock crushing by punching and shearing is feasible, providing a new research idea for the drilling of connecting holes quickly and optimally in underground coal mines.

关键词(KeyWords)： 岩层联络孔;冲剪复合钻头;碎岩原理;现场试验
connecting holes in rock strata;punching-shearing composite bit;rock breaking mechanism;field experiment

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 天地科技股份有限公司科技创新创业专项项目（2018-TD-MS071）

作者(Authors): 王传留
WANG Chuanliu;

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1986.2021.03.031

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