刘辉,陈斯涤,朱晓峻,张鹏飞,王金正,王庆伟,司光亚
LIU Hui,CHEN Sidi,ZHU Xiaojun,ZHANG Pengfei,WANG Jinzheng,WANG Qingwei,SI Guangya

• 1:安徽大学资源与环境工程学院
• 2:安徽省矿山生态修复工程实验室
• 3:山东能源集团鲁西矿业有限公司郭屯煤矿

摘要(Abstract)：

近年来，我国东部厚含水松散层矿区不断出现工业广场的沉降变形，地表建(构)筑物受到不同程度损坏，严重影响煤矿安全生产和正常运行。为研究长时间序列的工业广场沉降，以华东某煤矿为例，基于17景Sentinel-1A卫星影像数据，获取地表动态变形信息，结合精密水准测量，分析D-InSAR技术监测地表沉降的精度，研究工业广场时空动态沉降特征，揭示厚含水松散层矿区工业广场变形规律。研究表明：(1) D-InSAR监测与26个水准监测点沉降量的最大误差为5.95 mm，平均误差为2.18 mm，满足工业广场沉降监测需求。(2)随着工作面持续推进，6个月监测期内工业广场平均沉降量为16 mm，最大沉降点沉降量为36 mm，位于工业广场西南角偏向工作面一侧；最大倾斜值为0.31 mm/m，最大曲率值为0.016 mm/m~2，在监测时段内，工业广场地表建(构)筑物破坏远小于Ⅰ级损坏值。(3) GIS空间分析表明，沉降量在0～20 mm的区域面积占比93.10%；最大下沉点的动态下沉量与其至采空区中心的距离呈明显的线性负相关关系，随着采空区中心逐渐向工业广场推进，其下沉量逐渐增大。(4)工业广场沉降由开采引起的覆岩整体沉降和含水层失水固结沉降2部分组成，根据最大下沉点的动态沉降量，工业广场沉降分为2个阶段；其中第一阶段疏水沉降尚未显现，第二阶段以失水固结沉降为主。(5)工作面开采对工业广场沉降基本没有影响，应是底部含水层失水固结导致地表沉陷的范围增大，进而影响到工业广场。上述结果为今后类似条件下工业广场沉降问题的研究提供了理论依据和技术参考。
In recent years, the subsidence has occurred continuously to the industrial squares of mining areas in the thick water-bearing loose layer in eastern China, resulting in various extent of damage to the surface buildings(structures),which has seriously affected the safe production and normal operation of coal mines. In order to study the subsidence of industrial square in a long series, the dynamic deformation information of the surface was obtained based on 17 scenes of Sentinel-1A image data of a coal mine in Eastern China. On this basis, the surface subsidence monitoring accuracy of D-InSAR technology was analyzed in combination with the precise leveling. Besides, the spatial-temporal dynamic subsidence characteristics of industrial square were studied, and the deformation law of industrial square of mining area in the thick water-bearing loose layer was revealed. The results show that:(1) The error between D-InSAR monitoring and the subsidence value of 26 level monitoring points is 5.95 mm at maximum and 2.18 mm on average, which meets the subsidence monitoring requirements of industrial square.(2) With the continuous advancement of the working face, the subsidence of the industrial square during the 6-month monitoring period is 16 mm on average, and 36 mm at the point with maximum subsidence, which is located on the side of the working face in the southwest corner of the industrial square. The maximum tilt value is 0.31 mm/m, and the maximum curvature value is 0.016 mm/m2. Generally, the damage of the surface buildings(structures) of the industrial square during the monitoring period is much less than the ClassI value.(3) The GIS spatial analysis shows that the area with subsidence between 0-20 mm accounts for 93.10%, the dynamic subsidence of the point with maximum subsidence shows a clear linear negative correlation relationship with its distance from the center of the goaf, and the subsidence gradually increases as the goaf center gradually advances towards the industrial square.(4) The subsidence of industrial square is composed of 2 parts: the overall subsidence of rock cover caused by mining and the consolidation subsidence resulted from water loss in the aquifer. According to the dynamic subsidence of the point with maximum subsidence, the subsidence of industrial square is divided into two stages, with dewater subsidence unclear in stage I and consolidation subsidence resulted from water loss dominated in stage II.(5) The mining of the working surface has little impact on the subsidence of the industrial square. It should be that the water loss and consolidation at the bottom aquifer leads to the expansion of the surface subsidence, which in turn affects the industrial square. The above results provide a theoretical basis and technical reference for the future research on the subsidence of industrial plaza under the similar conditions.

关键词(KeyWords)： 工业广场;D-InSAR技术;Sentinel-1A卫星;地面沉降;水准测量;厚含水松散层
industrial square;D-InSAR technology;Sentinel-1A satellite;surface subsidence;leveling;thick water-bearing loose layer

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金项目(52174156,51874005);; 安徽省高校协同创新项目(GXXT-2020-055)

作者(Author): 刘辉,陈斯涤,朱晓峻,张鹏飞,王金正,王庆伟,司光亚
LIU Hui,CHEN Sidi,ZHU Xiaojun,ZHANG Pengfei,WANG Jinzheng,WANG Qingwei,SI Guangya

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