许耀波
XU Yaobo

• 1:中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司

摘要(Abstract)：

从实际资料入手,深入分析煤层气水平井煤粉形成原因、煤粉产出规律及防治煤粉措施。分析结果表明:井壁原始应力状态改变、煤岩物质成分及组成、钻具的碾磨作用和钻遇煤层段井眼轨迹弯曲大煤层局部受到钻具挤压以及排采工作制度改变使降液速率变化大等是影响煤层气水平井煤粉形成的主要原因;黏土矿物是煤粉的主要来源,且黏土矿物含量越高,煤层出粉的可能性越大;排采早期产出的煤粉颗粒直径在几十微米到几百微米之间,粒径变化明显,表明排采早期产生的煤粉以钻具碾磨和井壁原始应力状态改变形成为主,排采后期产出的煤粉颗粒直径主要在几十微米左右,粒径分布相对均匀,表明排采后期产生的煤粉以煤层煤岩物质成分组成和排采工作制度变化影响形成为主;加强水平段循环清洗工作,优化合理的筛管缝隙尺寸、筛管直径、筛管长度等综合工艺技术,优选合适的排煤粉设备、制定合理的控煤粉排采制度等是煤层气水平井煤粉防治的主要措施。
According to the on-site data, this paper identified the formation reason, production rule and prevention method of coal dust in horizontal well. Research results show that the coal dust may produce because of the variation of stress on the borehole, coal rock material components and composition, drill tool grinding, coal seam bending section of well and working system change such as to make the liquid drop rate, the content of clay minerals will greatly influence the output of coal dust as well. During the whole production period, the diameter of coal dust may vary between a few micrometers to several hundred micrometers. In the very beginning, stress changes on the well bore and the grinding effects are the main reasons for coal dust production, so then it yields relatively large particles. But in the later period, it is mainly influenced by the variation of production rate and the amount of clay minerals, which result in minor coal dust. In order to prevent coal dust production, it is crucial to pay attention to the following aspacts: first, clean-up the well, especially the horizontal section thoroughly, second, optimize the length, diameter and the size of the slot of the screen pipe, third, optimization of production equipments, finally, establish a rational production rate.

关键词(KeyWords)： 水平井;煤粉;形成原因;产出规律;防治措施
horizontal well;coal dust;formation reason;production rule;prevention method

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家科技重大专项项目(2011ZX05040)~~

作者(Author): 许耀波
XU Yaobo

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