王森,何广武,李阔,崔先健,李晓光,刘钦甫
WANG Sen,HE Guangwu,LI Kuo,CUI Xianjian,LI Xiaoguang,LIU Qinfu

• 1:中国矿业大学(北京)地球科学与测绘工程学院
• 2:甘肃省地矿局第三地质矿产勘查院
• 3:湖南科技大学页岩气资源利用湖南省重点实验室

摘要(Abstract)：

铝土矿是生产金属铝的主要来源,用途广泛。利用偏光显微镜、扫描电镜–能谱、X射线衍射、红外及差热分析等手段,研究晋中南石炭系铝土矿矿物特征,分析主要矿物成因。结果表明,铝土矿中所含矿物主要是硬水铝石和高岭石,少量伊利石、绿泥石、赤铁矿、菱铁矿、针铁矿、锐钛矿、金红石、石英、钾长石及方解石等。硬水铝石分隐晶–微晶碎屑、它形粒状晶体、短柱–鳞片状晶体3种类型,差热曲线吸热峰温度偏低,晶胞参数均值a为0.441 546 nm,b为0.945 445 nm,c为0.285 250 nm。硬水铝石主要由高岭石脱硅转变而成,少量为结晶成因。高岭石形成于温暖潮湿气候的风化过程中,部分为复硅化产物。锐钛矿形成于低温低压、Ti O2供应充足的环境中。赤铁矿由含水氧化铁矿物风化脱水形成,少部分为成矿早期沼泽相或海相沉积。石英、钾长石及一些重矿物为陆源碎屑来源。
The mineral features of bauxite in central and southern Shanxi Province were studied by polarization microscope, X-ray diffraction(XRD), infrared spectroscopy(IR), differential scanning calorimetry(DSC), scanning electron microscope(SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS). Experimental results show that the major minerals in bauxite are diaspore and kaolinite, with a few of illite, chlorite, hematite, goethite, anatase, rutile, quartz, flint, potassium feldspar and calcite. Diaspore is divided into three tyes: cryptocrytal-microcrystal, allotriomorphic granular and short columnar crystal with a lower endothermal temperature, and a=0.441 546 nm, b=0.945 445 nm, c=0.285 250 nm, mainly formed by desiliconization of kaolinite, a little was transformed from crystallization. Kaolinite was formed during the weathering process in warm and humid climate and a part of kaolinite was the porduct of silica replacement Anatase was formed in low temperature and low pressure environments with abundant Ti O2 supply. Hematite came from dehydration of hydrous ferric oxide mineral, small part from early metallogenic swamp facies or marine deposit; Quartz, potash feldspar and some other heavy minerals are the terrigenous clastic.

关键词(KeyWords)： 铝土矿;晋中南;矿物组成;矿物成因
bauxite;central and southern Shanxi;mineral composition;mineral genesis

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 北京市共建项目(20121141301);; 湖南科技大学页岩气资源利用湖南省重点实验室开放基金项目(E21530)~~

作者(Author): 王森,何广武,李阔,崔先健,李晓光,刘钦甫
WANG Sen,HE Guangwu,LI Kuo,CUI Xianjian,LI Xiaoguang,LIU Qinfu

参考文献(References)：

• [1]葛宝勋,李凯琦.河南登封白坪铝土矿的古地貌控制[J].煤田地质与勘探,1992,20(4):1–5.GE Baoxun,LI Kaiqi.Ancient topography controles bauxite in Baiping Dengfeng,Henan[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,1992,20(4):1–5.
• [2]CALAGARI A A,ABEDINI A.Geochemical investigations on Permotriassic bauxite horizon at Kanisheeteh,east of Bukan,west–Azarbaidjan,Iran[J].Journal of Geochemical Exploration,2007,94(1/2/3):1–18.
• [3]LIU Xuefei,WANG Qingfei,DENG Jun,et al.Mineralogical and geochemical investigations of the Dajia Salento-type bauxite deposits,western Guangxi,China[J].Journal of Geochemical Exploration,2010,105(3):137–152.
• [4]王庆飞,邓军,刘学飞,等.铝土矿地质与成因研究进展[J].地质与勘探,2012,48(3):430–448.WANG Qingfei,DENG Jun,LIU Xuefei,et al.Review on research of bauxite geology and genesis in China[J].Geology and Exploration,2012,48(3):430–448.
• [5]卢静文,彭晓蕾,徐丽杰.山西铝土矿床成矿物质来源[J].长春地质学院学报,1997,27(2):147–151.LU Jingwen,PENG Xiaolei,XU Lijie.Source of Ore-forming materials for bauxite deposits in Shanxi province[J].Journal of Changchun University of Earth Science,1997,27(2):147–151.
• [6]柴东浩,甄秉钱.晋豫(西)晚石炭世本溪期铝土矿及其共生矿产的沉积分布规律[J].煤田地质与勘探,1987,15(3):5–10.CHAI Donghao,ZHEN Bingqian.Sedimentary distribution of bauxite and associated minerals deposits in Benxi Period of Shanxi and Henan Province[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,1987,15(3):5–10.
• [7]杨冠群,顾志山.山西孝义铝土矿扫描电镜研究[J].矿物学报,1985,15(3):285–288.YANG Guanqun,GU Zhishan.Scanning electron microscopic study of bauxite from Xiaoyi,Shanxi[J].Acta Mineralogica Sinica,1985,15(3):285–288.
• [8]孙思磊.山西宁武县宽草坪铝土矿床地质与地球化学特征研究[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2011.
• [9]叶枫,董国臣,郭红党,等.山西王润—西崖底铝土矿稀土元素特征及意义[J].中国矿业,2015,24(6):76–80.YE Feng,DONG Guochen,GUO Hongdang,et al.The rare-earth elements and significances of bauxite deposits in Shanxi Wangrun-Xiyadi region Shanxi province[J].China Mining Magazine,2015,24(6):76–80.
• [10]孟健寅,王庆飞,刘学飞,等.山西交口县庞家庄铝土矿矿物学与地球化学研究[J].地质与勘探,2011,47(4):593–604.MENG Jianyin,WANG Qingfei,LIU Xuefei,et al.Mineralogy and geochemistry of the Pangjiazhuang bauxite deposit in Jiaokou County,Shanxi Province[J].Geology and Exploration,2011,47(4):593–604.
• [11]王银川,李昭坤,翟自峰,等.山西本溪组铝土矿成矿条件及成矿规律探讨[J].西北地质,2011,44(4):82–88.WANG Yinchuan,LI Zhaokun,ZHAI Zifeng,et al.Benxi Formation bauxite mineralization condition and rule in Shanxi Province[J].Northwestern Geology,2011,44(4):82–88.
• [12]刘凯.山西省铝土矿的地质特征[J].中国地质,1984,4:23–26.LIU Kai.Geologic feature of bauxite deposits in Shanxi[J].Geology in China,1984,4:23–26.
• [13]Г.И.Бушинский,Геологиябокситов.НедРа[M].Cоветскийсоюз:геологическойиздательство,1975.
• [14]王濮,潘兆橹.系统矿物学[M].北京:地质出版社,1987.
• [15]吕夏.河南省中西部石炭系铝土矿中硬水铝石的矿物学特征研究[J].地质论评,1988,34(4):293–301.LYU Xia.The mineralogical characteristics of diaspore in Carboniferous bauxite in western-central Henan province[J].Geological Review,1988,34(4):293–301.
• [16]ERVIN J R S,OSBORN E F.The system Al2O3–H2O[J].The Journal of Geology,1951,59:381–394.
• [17]TEMUR S,KANSUN G.Geology and petrography of the masatdagi diasporic bauxites,Alanya,Turkey[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2006,27(4):512–522.
• [18]李启津.我国一水硬铝石型铝土矿的矿物学研究[J].桂林冶金地质学院学报,1987,7(4):261–268.LI Qijin.A study on mineralogy of diaspore bauxite deposits in China[J].Journal of Guilin University of Technology,1987,7(4):261–268.
• [19]刘学飞,王庆飞,李中明,等.河南铝土矿矿物成因及其演化序列[J].地质与勘探,2012,48(3):449–459.LIU Xuefei,WANG Qingfei,LI Zhongming,et al.Mineral genesis and evolutionary sequence of the bauxite deposits in Henan Province[J].Geology and Exploration,2012,48(3):449–459.
• [20]D’ARGENIO B,MINDSZENTY A.Bauxites and related paleokarst:Tectonic and climatic event markers at regional unconformities[J].Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae,1995,88(3):453–499.
• [21]廖士范,梁同荣.中国铝土矿地质学[M].贵州:贵州科技出版社,1991.
• [22]?ZLüN.Trace element contents of karst bauxites and their parent rocks in the Mediterranean belt[J].Mineralium Deposita,1983,18(3):469–476.
• [23]FORCE E R.Geology of titanium-mineral deposits[C]//The geological society of America,special paper.New York:Geological Society of America,1991:1–112.

文章评论(Comment)：