王树帅,徐斌,李杨,杨震
WANG Shushuai,XU Bin,LI Yang,YANG Zhen

• 1:中国矿业大学(北京)力学与建筑工程学院

摘要(Abstract)：

针对煤层回采顶板垮落法产生的采煤固废堆放量大、长壁胶结充填开采中采充失衡等问题，内蒙古察哈素煤矿31采区采用连采连充巷式胶结充填采煤工艺，采用“隔三采一”的回采方式及“三强一弱”的充填模式。充填材料配比对充填成本与效果具有重要影响，针对原胶结充填材料中水泥消耗大、粉煤灰消纳少的问题，基于泰波理论确定矸石最佳粒径级配系数n为0.5，在此基础上，利用响应面法(RSM)优化材料配比。基于RSM-BBD (Box–Behnken Design)设计13组试验，建立充填体3、7及28 d单轴抗压强度与水泥质量分数X1、粉煤灰质量分数X_2、固料质量分数X_3及3因素交互作用(水泥与粉煤灰交互作用X1X_2、水泥与固料质量分数交互作用X_1X_3、粉煤灰与固料质量分数交互作用X_2X_3)的回归模型，模型P值均小于10~(-4)，模型可靠性强。试验结果表明：不仅单一因素对强度影响显著，且各因素的交互作用也对强度有一定的影响。强度随X1与X_3的增加而增大，随X_2的增加先增大后减小，X1对前期影响最显著，X_3对后期影响最显著，X_2对强度影响随龄期增长逐渐显著。X_2X_3对7 d强度影响显著，X1X_2对28 d强度影响显著，X1X_3对3、7和28 d强度均有显著影响。在X1X_3对7、28 d强度的交互影响中，水泥与固料质量分数会相互促进两者对强度的增强作用，而在其他交互影响中，一因素的增加会对另一因素的影响效果起抑制作用。基于RSM确定合理配比为X_3取78%～79%, X_2取19%～20%；高强度充填时X1取9%～10%，低强度充填时X1取8%。察哈素煤矿303工作面共采出煤炭16.8万t，消纳矸石16.22万t，粉煤灰消纳增加量与水泥消耗减少量均达到1万t以上，大大节省了粉煤灰处理费用与水泥成本，具有良好的环境效益与经济效益。
In view of the problems of large stacking of solid waste caused by roof caving method in coal seam mining and imbalance between mining and filling in long-wall cemented backfilling, the No.31 ming area of Chahasu Coal Mine in Inner Monogolia uses continuous mining and filling roadway cemented backfilling mining technology, adopting the“mining at intervals of three” mining method and the “three with high strength filling and one with low strength filling”filling mode. The filling material ratio has an important influence on the filling cost and effect. In order to solve the problems of high cement consumption and less absorption of fly ash utilization in the original cemented filling materials,the optimal particle size grading coefficient n of gangue was determined based on Talbot gradation theory as 0.5, and material ratio was optimized using the Response Surface Method(RSM). Based on Box–Behnken Design(RSM-BBD)of 13 groups of tests, a regression models of the single-axis compressive strength of the backfilling body at 3, 7 and 28days with the cement mass fraction X1, fly ash frection X_2 and solid mass fraction X3, and the interaction of the three factors(X1X_2, X1X3, and X_2X3) was establish ed. The P values of the models were all less than 10-4, which indicates that the model has strong reliability. The test results show that not only does the single factor has a significant effect on the strength, but the interaction of factors also has a certain impact on the strength. Specifically, the strength of backfill increases with the increase of X1 and X3, but increases first and then decreases with the increase of X_2. Besides, X1 has the most significant effect in the early stage, X3 has the most significant effect in the later stage, while the effect of X_2 on the strength gradually becomes significant as the age period increases. X_2X3 influences the 7-day strength of backfill significantly, X1X_2 influences the 28-day strength significantly, and X1X3 has a significant effect on the strength at 3, 7 and 28days. In the interaction effect of X1X3 on the strength of backfill at 7 and 28 days, the content and mass concentration of cement promote each other, capable of increasing the strength, while in the interaction, the increase of one factor will have an inhibitory effect of the other. Base on RSM, the reasonable ratio was determined as X3 at 78%-79%, X_2 at19%-20%; X1 at 9%-10% for high strength filling, and X1 at 8% for low strength filling. The No.303 working face of Chahasu Coal Mine mined a total of 1.68×105 tons of coal, and consumed 1.622×105 tons of gangue, with an increase of fly ash utilization and an decrease of cement consumption of more than 1.0×104 t, greatly saving of fly ash treatment and cement cost, bringing good environmental and economic benefits.

关键词(KeyWords)： 连采连充;巷式胶结充填;响应面RSM;优化材料配比;交互作用;工程应用;内蒙古察哈素煤矿
continuous mining and filling;roadway cemented backfilling;Response Surface Method(RSM);optimization of material ratio;interaction term;engineering application;Chahasu Coal Mine in Inner Mongolia

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金项目(51804310);国家自然科学基金面上项目(52174095)

作者(Author): 王树帅,徐斌,李杨,杨震
WANG Shushuai,XU Bin,LI Yang,YANG Zhen

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